Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Jurnal Predator: Analisis Berdasarkan KUHP dan Fiqih Jinayah

Authors

  • Raja Muda Pahlevi Siregar Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara 20371, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3902-4223
  • Iwan Iwan Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara, Medan, Sumatera Utara 20371, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.4.2026.826-841

Keywords:

Death penalty, Corruption crime, Human rights, Corruption eradication, Constitutionality

Abstract

Predatory journals are a form of scientific publication practice that exploits researchers’ lack of knowledge and publication needs by offering publishing services that fail to meet academic standards, potentially causing financial, academic, and reputational harm to victims. This study aims to analyze the concept of legal protection for victims of predatory journals in Indonesia and to construct such protection from the perspective of Islamic criminal law (Fiqh Jinayah). This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. Legal materials were obtained through library research, including legislation, books, scholarly articles, and other relevant legal sources. The results show that legal protection for victims of predatory journals in Indonesia has not yet been specifically and explicitly regulated. Nevertheless, predatory journal practices may be addressed through legal provisions concerning fraud, misleading information, electronic transactions, consumer protection, and academic integrity. Such protection remains primarily focused on prevention and enforcement, while mechanisms for recovering victims’ financial losses and academic reputations have not been comprehensively regulated. From the perspective of Islamic criminal law, predatory journal practices are related to the concepts of tadlis, unlawful appropriation of property, and jarimah ta’zir. Victim protection may be grounded in the principles of hifz al-mal and hifz al-’ird, while prevention and recovery may be strengthened through the principles of sadd al-dhari’ah, radd al-haqq, and maslahah. Therefore, legal protection for victims of predatory journals needs to be developed comprehensively through preventive measures, enforcement against perpetrators, and the restoration of victims’ rights and reputations.

References

Abalkina, A. “Challenges Posed by Hijacked Journals in Scopus.” Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 75, no. 4 (2024): 395–422. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24855.

Aidulsyah, Fachri, Yulinda Nurul Aini, Mochammad Wahyu Ghani, and Dwiyanti Kusumaningrum. “Berburu Jurnal ‘Predator’: Menilik IntegritasAkademik Guru Besar Di Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Di Indonesia.” Marepus Corner, 2024. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27434.84167.

Aini, Yulinda Nurul, Dwiyanti Kusumaningrum, and Mochammad Wahyu Ghani. “Riset: 8 Dari 10 Guru Besar Di Indonesia Terindikasi Menerbitkan Artikel Di Jurnal ‘Predator.’” The Conversation Indonesia, 2024.

Aisyah, S. “Socialization of Tips for Avoiding Jurnal Predators to Improve the Quality of Lecturer Workload Reports: Penelitian.” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Dan Riset Pendidikan, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31004/jerkin.v4i1.2111.

Arabiyah, Syarifah, Ya’ Rakha Muyassar, Prisilia Rieska Pratiwilayan, and Muhayan. “Perbandingan Sanksi Pidana Dalam Kasus Penipuan: Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Dan KUHP Di Indonesia.” Arus Jurnal Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2025. https://doi.org/10.57250/ajsh.v5i3.1765.

Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Gema Keadilan, 2020. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.

CNN Indonesia. “Akreditasi ULM Turun Dari A Jadi C Buntut Dugaan Skandal 11 Guru Besar.” CNN Indonesia, 2024. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20240930153553-20-1149986/akreditasi-ulm-turun-dari-a-jadi-c-buntut-dugaan-skandal-11-guru-besar.

Dayani, Nisrina Putri. “Apakah Semua Jurnal Terindeks Scopus Pasti Berkualitas? Ini Faktanya.” Manuru.Id, 2026. https://manuru.id/article/jurnal-terindeks-scopus-pasti-berkualitas.

Direktorat Pengembangan Akademik UII. “Peringatan Untuk Menghindari Jurnal/Penerbit Predator (Kualitasnya Diragukan).” DPA UII, 2020. https://dpa.uii.ac.id/peringatan-untuk-menghindari-jurnal-predator/.

Elmore, Susan A, and E H Weston. “Predatory Journals: What They Are and How to Avoid Them.” Toxicologic Pathology, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192623320920209.

Freedman, Eric, and B Kurambayev. “Bagaimana Jurnal ‘Predator’ Melemahkan Penelitian Dan Kepercayaan Masyarakat Terhadap Akademisi.” The Conversation Indonesia, 2023.

Gunawan, Hendra. “Tindak Pidana Penipuan Dalam Perspektif Fikih Jinayah.” Jurnal EL-QANUNIY: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kesyariahan Dan Pranata Sosial, 2018. https://doi.org/10.24952/el-qanuniy.v4i2.2392.

Hadi, Ainal, and Mukhlis. “Suatu Pengantar Kriminologi.” Bandar Publishing, 2022.

Hasibuan, Nahda, Budi Sastra Panjaitan, and Annisa Sativa. “Tinjauan Hukum Pidana Islam Terhadap Tindak Pidana Penipuan.” Hukum Dan Demokrasi (HD), 2023. https://doi.org/10.61234/hd.v23i1.11.

Himawan, and K Sussolaikah. “The Danger of Predator Journal Publication for Researchers.” International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Arts, 2023. https://doi.org/10.47709/ijmdsa.v2i1.2503.

Ikhsan, R A, and D Daipon. “Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan Melalui Pendekatan Restorative Justice Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam.” UNES Law Review, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.1957.

Indonesia. “Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, Dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia Nomor 39 Tahun 2021 Tentang Integritas Akademik Dalam Menghasilkan Karya Ilmiah,” 2021.

Laine, Christine, Dianne Babski, Vivienne C Bachelet, Till W Bärnighausen, Christopher Baethge, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Frank Frizelle, et al. “Predatory Journals: What Can We Do to Protect Their Prey?” PLOS Medicine, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004542.

Laine, Christine, and Margaret A Winker. “Identifying Predatory or Pseudo-Journals.” Biochemia Medica, 2017. https://doi.org/10.11613/BM.2017.031.

Maulida, M. “Sadd Al-Dzari’ah: Prinsip-Prinsip Pencegahan Dalam Hukum Islam.” Jurnal Cendikia ISNU SU, 2024. https://doi.org/10.70826/jcisnu.v1i3.525.

Merga, Margaret Kristin. “Understanding ‘Predatory’ Journals and Implications for Guiding Student and Client Information Seeking.” Journal of Library Administration, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2024.2371275.

Nasution, Muhammad Syukri Albani, and Ahmad Tamami Jakfar. “Maqasid Al-Syari’ah Dalam Perspektif.” Rajawali Pers, 2024.

Nur, Muh. Tahmid. “Maslahat Dalam Hukum Pidana Islam.” Jurnal Diskursus Islam, 2013. https://doi.org/10.24252/jdi.v1i2.6633.

Pramudhita, Yudha. “Waspada Jurnal Predator: Apakah Jurnal Terindeks Scopus Sudah Pasti Bagus?” KIME FEB UNNES, 2024. https://sites.unnes.ac.id/kimefe/2024/08/waspada-jurnal-predator-apakah-jurnal-terindeks-scopus-sudah-pasti-bagus/.

Purnama, A. “Fighting Jurnal Predators: A Strategic Solution for the Quality and Sustainability of Scientific Publications in Indonesia.” Social and Economic Bulletin, 2024. https://doi.org/10.70550/sebi.v1i3.73.

Putra, A A P, and Y Sulistyosari. “Metode Publikasi Ilmiah.” Tahta Media Group, 2023.

Ratodi, M. “Predatory Publishing in Indonesia: Challenges, Causes, and Solutions for Safeguarding Research Integrity: Penerbitan Predator Di Indonesia: Tantangan, Penyebab, Dan Solusi Untuk Melindungi Integritas Riset.” Publishing Letters, 2025. https://doi.org/10.48078/publetters.v2i2.44.

Rofiq, Ahmad, Pujiyono, and Barda Nawawi Arief. “Eksistensi Tindak Pidana Ta’zir Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Indonesia.” Journal of Judicial Review, 2021. https://doi.org/10.37253/jjr.v23i2.4957.

Shamseer, Larissa, David Moher, Onyi Maduekwe, Lucy Turner, Virginia Barbour, Rebecca Burch, Jocalyn Clark, James Galipeau, Jason Roberts, and Beverley J Shea. “Potential Predatory and Legitimate Biomedical Journals: Can You Tell the Difference? A Cross-Sectional Comparison.” BMC Medicine, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0785-9.

Siler, Kyle, Philippe Vincent-Lamarre, Cassidy R Sugimoto, and Vincent Larivière. “Predatory Publishers’ Latest Scam: Bootlegged and Rebranded Papers.” Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02906-8.

Sinaulan, J H. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Warga Masyarakat.” Ideas: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, Dan Budaya, 2018.

Siregar, Ramadani. “Pendekatan Saddu Al-Dzari’ah Dalam Studi Islam.” Jurnal Lentera: Kajian Keagamaan, Keilmuan Dan Teknologi, 2023. https://doi.org/10.29138/lentera.v22i1.1038.

Situmeang, Sahat Maruli T. “Buku Ajar Kriminologi.” PT Rajawali Buana Pusaka, 2021.

Stephani, Selly, and Syaiful Munandar. “Tindak Pidana Penipuan Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Fiqih Jinayah: Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Bukittinggi.” El-Faqih: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Hukum Islam, 2025.

Syamraeni, Syamraeni, Hidayatus Sholichah, and Adam Hafidz Al Fajar. “Transformasi Nilai Religius Di Era Digital: Analisis Literatur Berdasarkan Tujuan Hifz Al-’Aql.” Socio Religia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24042/sr.v5i2.25552.

Syarafuddin, Muhammad. “Lini Masa Skandal Guru Besar ULM, Berawal Dari Pelanggaran Administrasi Dan Penggunaan Jurnal Predator, Hingga Pemalsuan Tanda Tangan Ketua Senat.” Radar Banjarmasin, 2025.

Tahir, T, and S H Abdel Hamid. “Maqasid Al-Syari’ah Transformation in Law Implementation for Humanity.” International Journal Ihya’ ‘Ulum Al-Din, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21580/ihya.26.1.20248.

Tang, G, and J Jia. “Why Do Master’s Students of Humanities and Social Sciences Publish Papers in Chinese-Language Jurnal Predators? A Qualitative Study Based on Grounded Theory.” Accountability in Research, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2021.1960164.

Taylor, Zachary W. “The Hunter Became the Hunted: A Graduate Student’s Experiences with Predatory Publishing.” Publishing Research Quarterly, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12109-019-09639-7.

Wahyuni, S. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Kejahatan Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia.” Law Reform, 2010. https://doi.org/10.14710/lr.v3i2.729.

Yeo-Teh, Nicole Shu Ling, and Bor Luen Tang. “Wilfully Submitting to and Publishing in Predatory Journals—a Covert Form of Research Misconduct?” Biochemia Medica, 2021. https://doi.org/10.11613/BM.2021.030201.

Yunus, Muhammad, Sofyan Al Hakim, and Iwan Setiawan. “Philosophical Analysis of Multi-Contract Terminology Perspective of Sharia Economic Law.” Al-Afkar: Journal for Islamic Studies, 2023. https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v6i3.715.

Downloads

Published

2026-11-05

How to Cite

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban Jurnal Predator: Analisis Berdasarkan KUHP dan Fiqih Jinayah. (2026). Verdict: Journal of Law Science, 5(4), 826-841. https://doi.org/10.59011/vjlaws.5.4.2026.826-841